While one of the criteria to define an area as a hotspot is having at least 1500 endemic plant species, Madagascar alone possesses over 11000. This endemism is not limited to plants: the island is home to five families of birds, five families of primates and two families of freshwater fish found nowhere else on the planet. New species are still being discovered with 22 new mammal species and subspecies being found in the past 15 years.